Author Archives: Nathan Fortier

About Nathan Fortier

Nathan Fortier, Ph.D, Director of Research for Golden Helix, joined the development team in June of 2014. Nathan obtained his Bachelor’s degree in Software Engineering from Montana Tech University in May 2011, received a Master’s degree in Computer Science from Montana State University in May 2014, and received his Ph.D. in Computer Science from Montana State University in May 2015. Nathan works on data curation, script development, and product code. When not working, Nathan enjoys hiking and playing music.

GnomAD 4.1 Released: Improved Allele Frequency Data for VarSeq Users

         October 22, 2024

We’re excited to announce the release of gnomAD 4.1 variant frequencies as an annotation track in VarSeq. This latest release addresses key issues from previous versions and introduces joint variant frequencies curated directly from gnomAD. Additionally, we’ve refined our liftover process, offering more accurate GRCh37 tracks. By incorporating this data into the VarSeq data source library, we provide users with… Read more »

Collapse Phased Variants in VarSeq

         September 12, 2024

In a recent blog post, we explored how phased genotypes provide crucial insights by separating variants into distinct haplotypes—groups of alleles inherited together from a single parent. We also discussed how the combined impact of multiple variants within the same gene can significantly differ from their individual effects. However, accurately assessing the joint impact of these in-phase variants is a… Read more »

The Power of Phased Genotypes in Variant Analysis

         August 20, 2024
The Power of Phased Genotypes in Variant Analysis

Phased genotypes provide crucial information that allows us to separate variants into distinct haplotypes, representing the sequence of alleles inherited together from a single parent. This information can offer profound insights into inheritance patterns, the combined functional effects of variants, and the identification of specific genetic profiles such as pharmacogenomic diplotypes. In this blog post we describe how phased genotypes… Read more »

VarSeq PGx inputs: Annotation Tracks Required for PGx Analysis

         July 16, 2024

The PGx Variant Detection and Recommendations algorithm is the driving force behind the pharmacogenomic analysis capabilities provided by VSPGx in VarSeq. This algorithm is used to identify pharmacogenomic diplotypes and annotate them against drug recommendations. In this blog post, we outline the steps involved in the process and explain the annotation tracks utilized by the algorithm at each stage of… Read more »

LOVD Annotations in VarSeq for Variants and CNVs

         May 23, 2024

The Leiden Open Variation Database (LOVD) is an online database designed to facilitate the collection and display of clinically classified variants. Since its initial release in 2004, LOVD has evolved significantly, with the latest version, LOVD 3.0, greatly expanding the number of annotated variants. Golden Helix is excited to announce the release of two new annotation tracks containing data from… Read more »

Variant Calling and CNV Import in PGx Genes using VSPGx

         April 18, 2024

In this blog post, we will explore the nuances of variant calling and import in the context of VSPGx. We will discuss the importance of integrating must-call variant definitions into the calling processes and provide guidance on incorporating copy number variants (CNVs) and structural variations (SVs) into your PGx analysis workflow. Must Call Variant Files To ensure the optimal performance… Read more »

Analyzing Performance of the Twist Exome with CNV Backbone at Various Probe Densities Leveraging Golden Helix VS-CNV Recap

         February 22, 2024

In our recent webcast, we unveiled the integration of the Twist Bioscience Exome 2.0 Plus Comprehensive Exome Spike-in capture panel with VS-CNV, marking a significant advancement in genetic diagnostics. By addressing the limitations of standard exome kits that miss vast genomic regions, our enhanced panel introduces ‘backbone’ probes for comprehensive genomic coverage. This innovation enables the detection of CNVs, LOH,… Read more »

Using Liftover to Curate GnomAD v4 for GRCh37

         January 25, 2024

We are excited to announce the release of our gnomAD v4 annotation tracks for VarSeq. This version of the GnomAD database represents a significant leap forward, including data from an impressive cohort of over 800,000 individuals — a remarkable 5x expansion compared to the previous releases. Notably, this dataset is comprised of two distinct callsets: exome sequencing data from 730,947… Read more »

Evaluating DeepMind’s AlphaMissense Classifier

         October 20, 2023

Last month, the researchers at Google DeepMind announced the release of AlphaMissense, a new missense prediction algorithm that leverages the protein structure prediction model AlphaFold to distinguish between benign and pathogenic missense variants (Cheng et al., 2023).  AlphaFold is a model for the prediction of protein structures from amino acid sequences. During the development of AlphaMissense, the AlphaFold model was… Read more »

Identifying Oncogenic Variants in VarSeq Webcast

         September 21, 2023

Traditionally genetic tests in cancer have focused on small gene panels that restrict their analysis to a small number of well-studied cancer genes. However, as sequencing costs have decreased, many clinical laboratories have embraced comprehensive genomic profiling tests that rely on whole exome and whole genome next-generation sequencing (NGS) workflows, which can detect millions of high-quality variants for a single… Read more »

Mitelman Database of Chromosome Aberrations and Gene Fusions in Cancer

         July 25, 2023
Felix Mitelman

While the analysis of gene fusions is crucial for understanding the genetic basis of cancer, the process of interpreting these mutations can be challenging. One important component of fusion interpretation is the identification of relevant publications. To aid researchers in the search for publications related to specific gene fusions, Felix Mitelman, and colleagues have created the Mitelman Database of Chromosome… Read more »

Using Evaluation Scripts to Automatically Incorporate Secondary Evidence into Your AMP Workflow

         June 15, 2023

The AMP guidelines workflow in VSClinical provides a user-friendly tool for the interpretation of somatic biomarkers across the entire spectrum of genomic variation. One of the most useful features of this workflow is its ability to streamline the evaluation of clinical evidence for a somatic biomarker using the AMP Tier evidence levels. The AMP Guidelines classify a biomarker into one… Read more »

Unraveling Structural Variants with VarSeq: A Comprehensive Workflow

         April 18, 2023

Unlock the potential of VarSeq for efficient analysis of structural variants, providing robust annotation, filtering, and interpretation of intricate genetic variations. While the analysis of structural variants (SVs) is crucial for understanding the genetic basis of disease, the process of interpreting these variations can be a challenging and complex task. Structural variant callers typically store rearrangements in VCF files, which… Read more »

Decoding Complex Fusion Representations: A Deep Dive into VCF Breakend Notation and its Impact on Gene Analysis

         March 14, 2023
Decoding Complex Fusion Representations A Deep Dive into VCF Breakend Notation and its Impact on Gene Analysis Icon

Unlocking the intricacies of fusion representations is crucial for understanding the impact of complex genetic rearrangements on gene function and disease development. In the most recent release of VarSeq, we added support for the import of complex rearrangements from VCF files, which typically encode rearrangements using breakend notation. This powerful notation is capable of describing the full spectrum of structural… Read more »

Unlocking Clinical Evidence: A Deep Dive into the Supporting Data Sources of VSClinical AMP Workflow

         February 7, 2023
Unlocking Clinical Evidence: A Deep Dive into the Supporting Data Sources of VSClinical AMP Workflow Icon

Discover the innovative clinical evidence search of the VSClinical AMP workflow, where patient biomarkers and tumor types are matched to the most relevant data from top sources like CIViC, DrugBank, and Clinical Trials. One of the core features of the VSClinical AMP interpretation workflow is the ability to search third-party data sources to find clinical evidence that matches the patient’s… Read more »

Improve Your Research with the Latest Cancer Ontology Updates

         January 10, 2023

Learn about the latest cancer ontology software updates and how they can enhance your research and work. Cancer Ontology An important feature of the VSClinical AMP workflow is the ability to select the correct tumor type for a given evaluation. The selected tumor type is used to identify relevant clinical evidence, including drug sensitivities, resistances, and previous biomarker interpretations. This… Read more »

Webcast Recap: VarSeq 2.3.0: Supporting the Full Spectrum of Genomic Variation

         November 22, 2022

Thank you to everyone who joined us for our webcast on the upcoming VarSeq features supporting the full spectrum of genomic variation! Traditionally, NGS cancer testing started with small gene panels that looked at a small set of the most common genes to identify small mutations, such as BRAF V600E. However, there are many classes of mutation that cannot be… Read more »

What’s Coming to VSClinical: Expanded Clinical Trial Search Results

         May 17, 2022
Expanding-Clinical-Trial-Search-in-VSClinical

While the interpretation of germline variants generally focuses on the pathogenicity of a variant for a specific disease, the interpretation of somatic variants is centered around each variant’s impact on clinical care. As a result, clinical trials play an important role in assessing the clinical significance of somatic biomarkers, with the AMP Guidelines assigning a higher level of evidence to… Read more »

Validating Your CNV Workflow

         November 16, 2021
VS-CNV Blog Validation

The VarSeq CNV calling algorithm, VS-CNV, is a powerful tool for calling CNVs from the NGS coverage data stored in your BAM files. However, before this algorithm can be deployed in a clinical setting, it must be tuned and validated using data that is representative of your lab’s NGS workflow. In the past, this validation process could be difficult, as… Read more »

Reviewing Clinical Studies for Novel Splice Variants in VSClinical

         October 12, 2021
DNA spliced site

In order to thoroughly assess a variant’s pathogenicity, it is important to take into account the variant’s effect on splicing. While the interpretation of variants that disrupt the pairs of bases at the beginning of a splice site is fairly straightforward, variants resulting in the introduction of a novel splice site are more difficult to interpret. In this blog post,… Read more »